Apparatus for shaping and tempering metal.



APPARATUS FOR SHAPING ANDTEMPERING METAL. i

APPLICATION HLEDAUGJI. m5.

Patented 1, 1919.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

EMMJVOR A Tzu/s.

*npr rein;

THoMAs'iFAY-,JOF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, essrenon, BY MESNE sereni/stimme, ro

THESTANDARD pimms omrnnr, or OLEVELAND, omo, A CORPORATION or OHIO.

APPBATS FOR SHAPING AND TEMERING METAL.

To all whom t may concern: Be it knownthat I, THOMAS J. FAX, 'a citizen `of the `United States, residing et Brooklymin the county of Kings and State of NewYork, have invented e certain new and usefulIm-provement in `Apparatus for Shapingind `flempering Metal, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,` v

`Thisinvention:relates to an apparatus for temperingv and cembering metal, and has for its generali-.object to qinsure uniformity in, vand greatly .improve the quality of. such metal; also'tp facilitate the handling of the sume. Among thefurther and more limited objects Oi my! invention is that of providing nnappiiratus `whereby plates-suoli :is used in spring construction-muy be raised (und be required to be raised) intempeuture to n point slightly ahoverecelescence and muy `be quencliedhetore the dropping below re calescence-x-the -appnrzrtus being; so 'constructed and operated thetrthe plete t(or othen-fnrticle) to be tempered need he heated t u. temperature oi' only about 75 ll. beyond d ecalescence, und the operator will nevertheless I mveftiinc to insert the plate into the shuplngform und to carry this forni 'into the quenching luid 'before the plate has partednwith this slight excess of temperature, thus submitting theplete to the quenchinr"luid in such time that the quenching *effect will begin as closely to und above the point 4ot' reenlescence as prectrcnhly possible to a. skilled operator. An important step in the practice of. my invention (und for the `realization 'of which my apparatus is designed) is to so'tinie the period through which'the plutes ere .suhjefted to the quenchingr iuid that the hem remaining in the eore sections ofthe-plates will he sui'lirient to the pla'tes" andi the desired temper is pron vduced in and 'throughout the lutter; also,

tempextheplates, thus permitting" the core heat to hloom over the plates whereby the quenelnngfiuul is driedor dispelled :from

mid very importantly,` to perform this step without warping, or twisting, or producingirregnlarities in the cooled plates. As u ineens of 'accomplishing the objects uhove set forth`r the cmnhering' forms will he so flzishl'ioned ns 'not only to otl'erl no materiel ohstarle to the withdrawal of thel heut f rom the Specification of Letters etent.

Patented Apr. i, 1919.

Application led August 11, 1915. Serial No. 44,875.

plates clamped therebetween during the quenching operation but, on the other hond, to withdraw practically no'heat from such plates due to their Contact therewith.

A further Object of the invention is to make largely automatic the control of the time occupied for quenching and other 0 erations 01' the apparatus. Still further o; jects of the invention will appear hereinafter; und, more generally stated, the invention may he defined as consisting of the combinations of elements embodied in the claims hereto zruneked and illustrated in the drawings forming; part hereof, wherein Figure 1 represiu'lts :i itront sectional elevation ot a bending or cunihering apparatus constructi-xd in uecordnnee with my invention und showing the table in its elevated position und the' forms sepureted;`li`ig. 2 is n detail, Imrtly-in section and-partly in eleve* tion, showing: the tuhle partly lowered und the forms having u plete Olmnped therehetween und passingf through the spraying IZone; Fig; 3 is o central sectional detail cor- Fig. 1; Fig. 4 a siiniln r View corresponding to the line 44 o' Fig. und showing' the cmnhering forms in closed position; Figs. 5 and 6 are details in elevation, and Fig. 7 u. detail in plunof one end of the lower ruinhelingr form, the xrrid 'being omitted und illustrating' means whereby the tal'iered and reduced ends of the plate may be, supported and given un entre curvature or camher; l*1 ig. 8 e detail in elevation of n modified con struction of cnmhering form; Fig. 9 :.1- sectional view taken through e. spring and illus-- tretingthe manner in which the plates are shaped hy the rolling operation for the tempering and enmherinen operation; Fig. 10 a sectional side elevation of the machine shown in Fig. 1, und Fig. 11 e diagram of the electrical circuits involved.

Deserihing hy reference characters the verious pnrts ilhistreted herein, l denotes; a tank und 2 'a Standard the buse whereof is preferably loomed within und upon the hottoxn of the tank. At its front. the stands-.rd is fashioned into n T`-henmindicated et 'l. whereby n. guide is formed for the hase inem-- her or tnhle 4 on which th lower Set oi"4 guided in its vertical movement. rllhe table u :terms a support Jfor a suitable number-two being shown--of laterally spaced trames or Vtemple'ts each comprising a pair of vertically extending and laterally spaced plates 6 having each its upper edge eoncaved, as indicated at 7. Between each pair of plates 6 and at the central portion thereof, there is inserted a pin 8, which pin is adapted to receive the center hole of the spring plat-e which is to be cambered and tempered. At the rear of each pair of plates 6 there is |'located a grid 9, which assists in positioning the spring plates upon the upper edges of the plates 7 and which may be formed as part of a base 10 which supports the form plates.

Cooperating with the forms just described are the upper forms, which are supported by a cross head 11 which is mounted upon the T-beam 3 by means of the lateral flanges 12. This cross 'head 11 is supported from a head 13 thereabove by means of bolts 14 connected to the cross head and extending through the head 13 and provided with nuts 15, there being coiled springs 16 surrounding said bolts and interposed betweenthe heads 11 and 13, whereby (under circumstances to be set forth hereinafter) a yielding pressure will beapplied to the head 11 and to the head 13. The spring 17, interposed between the heads 11 and 13, assists in this yielding transmission ofpressure, the springl' being mounted una post 18, which, when the springs 14 and 17 have been compressed a certain distance, will be engaged by the head'13. For the purpose of operating the heads 11 and 13, a screw 19 is provided which is connected to the head 13, the screw having a nut v2O thereon provided with a worm gear on its outer surface meshing with a worm 21 which may be driven by any source of power, as by means of a motor, indicated. generally at 22, the shaft on said motor having a pulley 23 which drives the worm 2.1, as by means of a belt 24, the circuit including this motor being controlled by a main switch 22. In 0rder to counterbalancel 'the weight of the table 4 and the vlower cambering forms,'said table is suspended by means of-chains25 connected thereto and extending over pulleys 26, 27 at the top of the machine and connected with a counterweight 28. The connections thus far described l"rior, moving lthe table `and the cambering parte up pand down are substantiallv-`ident1cal with 'the parts'shoigi described ind claimed in my application No. 857,522, filed August 19, 1914. y

The countcrweight 28 is composed of a number ofV separate weights whereby the pressure to which theplates are subjected Lacasse between the oambcring forms (to be/ dcscribed hereinafter) may be adjusted to rthe requiren'ientsof the particular grade and thickness or gage of steel that maybe treated at any particular time. Beneath the counter-weight there is a spring 28a which forms a yielding support for the counterweight when the cambering forms have been opened to their Jfull extent, as indicated in Fig. 10.

The head 11 is provided with a pair of upper cambering forms cooperating with the lower ones, each upper form vcomprising a pair of plates 29 cach plate being preferably in the same vertical plane as the correspond-r ing late 6' therebencath and the lower edges of the plate 29 being convex, the curvature being preferably the same as the curvature of the upper edges` of the plates 6. The plates 29 of eachfform may be conveniently carried by a grid, the base 30 whereof may be fastened to the head 11, the fingers 31 of the grid being arranged in 'front of the plates 29. Bolts 32 are shown as connecting the plates 29 to their respective grids, Said bolts being provided with spacing sleeves 33. The plates G are supported in like manner from the grids 9, the bolts connecting the plates to the grids being indicated at 9l and the spacing sleeve thereon at 9b (see-Fig, 4).

ln Figs. 5, 6 and l have shown means whereby the beveled or tapered ends of the sp1-lng plates may be supported during the cambering operation and may be given an l increased curvature whereby they will grip the adjacent plates. The plates 6 support near their outer ends a shaft 3l having rigid therewith an eccentric 35. spring plate, the beveled and tapered end' 36 whereof is shown as resting upon the roller 35. B adjusting the shaft 34, the ends 3Ga of tlie plate 36 will be supporting during the forming operation and an additional curvature may lbe imparted thereto.

As in the case of my application hereinbefore refei'red to, it 1s proposed to clamp 36 denotes the heated plate to rbe quenched between vthe upper and lower parts ofthe form and tov immerse the `plate thus clamped in the liquid Within the tank.- The liquid in 'the tank may, and preferably will, consist of a lower body A of water with a body of oil B thereupon. At the bottom of the tank is a conduit 37 which communicates with a pump 38, the delivery pipe 39 whereof is branched, as indicated at 40 and 41, said branches bein fin turn branched and the branches. lextending 'through the closed wall of the'tank,

l branches' 40 are opposed to the deliveryends near-'fl the top thereof. The delivery ends of the" f v 12a` discharge intotho tank in substantially the a vertical plane 4which is traversed by one of the camberllng forms. Before the'plates are iso.

inserted into the :forms and the motor operated to cause the forms to be immersed, the parte will Ihe supported with the tops of the form plates G sli htly above the streams of liquid discharge through the Ahrazuzlles l0 and 4l. The plates to be cambered, having `been heated. to a temperature of say 75 dof, the blow ofthe up er cambering form liquid discharged on the 'top and bottoni oli.

upon the lower forni eine cushioned'by the springs 16 and 17. The lcamina-ing forms then descend in unison, and the spring plates clamped therebetween have their upper and lower surfaces swept longitufflinally by the streams of liquid discharged at high speed. through the bram-hes i0 and lil. The

the plates serves to quench the outer surfaces of the plates, the meeting of the opposed streams .facilitating the lateral distribution ot' the liquid over the plates. Furthermore. subjecting the heated platos to these rapidly movingr streams results in wiping ofi' any bubbles that may be formed thereupondue to s[ heroidal artionand this prevents local differences in the temper and liber of ythe plates.

The forms descend into the liquid within the tank, traveling tn a depth determined by the speed ofthe machine, the location of the umotor-reversing switch, the initial teinpcrature of the plates, and tb(i desireddepth ot' the chilled and hardened exterior 'For the plate, with the view of initiating the quenclu ing ctlccli. as closely above recalrscenee as skill will permitr` while withdrawing the lato troni the action of the i uenrhinfr lit uid 1n time to retain in the core oli theplalo a temperature suliicient to temper the plate in the manner referred to hereinbeiiorerwithout danger ci' warping. This quenching of' the inetalwusing one of the standard steels as an exarnplemshould he done so quickly as to lower the temperature in the surtace section of thc plate to about 400? F.,

while `the temperature. ot' the `core section will he such that, when the plate is Withdrawn troni the bath, the residual heut in such section should he sullicient toproduce a tei'ruiesi'ature of, about 850" l?. in the Whole plate, the exterior rhillod part ot 'the plate being ot' such depth as to resist warping or twisting. by 'the subsequent blooming37 oi the heat from rho central core:

The construction ol 'thi'l forms contributes to this cud, sinre they are so shaped as to ,pressure upon the "thickest engage the edges of the plate in narroir: lines of contact only, which prevents blankcting of the surfaces of the plates during the quenching operation and the material albsorption of heattherefroiu during the tcm4 perin, r operation. ln operating upon a plate made from basic open hearth steel analyzing one hundred points carbon. it vwill be heater to ab'out 1535 l4`.. clamped, and quickly 'arrird through the vquenc lng operation so that, after withdrawal. rom thc bath, thc plate will be at. a temperature of about 850 F. throughout. lt will be understwyd that, it' the particular steel employed requires some departure t'roln the ranges mentioned, the apparatus disclosed herein lrrv -be very conveniently adjusted to :u'connnodate the'sc changes.

.ln Fig. 9 there is shown a modification of the canibering plates, indicated at 6" and 29 respectively, wherein the upper edges of the plates li" arc notched or recessed, as indicated at 6b, while the lowerl edges of the platee 29 are notched or recessed, as indicated at. 29D, whereby the contact area be tween the -forms and the spring plates clamped therebetween is reduced to a niinilinnn. r

in Fila. 9 I have shown a sectional view taken through three standard sprinf.,r plates, as customarily furnished by the steel mills, and illustrating the concavity of the upper and lower surfaces thereof whereby the latf eral' portions 36 are thicker than the central portions oli the plates. Clampingthe lateral edge portions of the plates between the forms-see particularly Fig. Al--brings the portions of theI plates. y

Reference has been made hereinbefore to the automatic control of the quenching period whereby the plates on the one hand will not be chilled to such an extent as to prevent. thorn from having a final 'temperature which will secure the proper qualitiesf-a temperature ot 850 F. has beenreerr'ed to as one which will secure these desirable qualities in the case of spring plates-and on the other hand will not interfere with the production ot' an external chilled area of suilicient extent to sllccessfully resist warping due to the heating;r of the plate from the central heated area or core. There are shown in Figs. 10 and 1 1 connections whereby the, above resultsinay be acconr plisned. In these views 42, 42 denoteapair et rods or bars which 'are adjustably connected to the head lilas by set screws 42", 42 securingr said rods or bars in a boss 42 ari-led by said head; 43 and 44.- denote upper and lower switches, respectively, supported from the trarne of the machine and handles of these switches are shown as yieldingly connected by chains vAbove the switch 43 is located a switch il? that is also supported tronithe traine of the machine and in such manner as to be adjustable toward and from the switch s3. lit will be observed that the blade 47 of this switch opens in a reverse direction from 'that of the blade of switch. Li3 and that the operating handle of this switch is arranged to be engagged by the end oi the upper rod l Arranged in identically the saine manner as above described, there is a switch i8 adjustably supported below the switch 4A and haw ing the handle oft' its blade a8 in position to be engaged by the end of the lower rod 42H. The blades of the switches el? and 48 are extended beyond their pivotal points, and these extensions project in a direction opposite to their operating,I handles: these extensions (47h and 48) are positively connected by the link 49, said linlr` including a turn buckle for the. obvious purpose or adjustment. The adjustability of the switch a7 may be conveniently secured by means of a slot 47 formed in the switch block and through which there extends a set screw 47d; a similar slot 48C and set screw 48d may be employed with the block of the 'switch i8 for the purpose of rendering it adjustable.

From this it will be seen that when one of the switches e7 or 48 is closed, the other will be opened by reason of the aforesaid connection. A magnetic brake 5G is shown as applied to the rear end of the armature shaft of the inotor, the coil of the brake inagnet being shown at 51.

lt will be observed from the diagram of Fig. 11 that one side 52 of an electric circuit leads, by way of branch 53, through one side of the switch i-7, wire 54, one side of the switch 4l, and wire 55, to the armature winding of the motor, shown conventionally at 5V). The current passing in a given direction through the' winding of the armature, .continues through the wire 57; the coil 51 of the brake magnet 50 (see Figsz l0 and 11) wire wire 39, the opposite side of switch 44, wire G0, and through the corre! sponding side of switch i7 to the other side G1 of the circuit. lt will be observed that the main switch included in that side oi' ythe circuit represented by the wire 61.. The field winding" (S2 of the Inotor is in constant connection with the positive and negative sides of the circuit respectively through the conductors 63 and G-l. The foregoing circuit prevails'while the head of the inachine is traveling downward. After traveling'a predetermined distance in this directonlthe lower end of thc rod l2 engages the handle of the switch il, `to open the switch and brake circuits. rlhis results in the decnergization of the motor and brake and meshes the immediate application of the braise,

through the action or' its spring;I 50a. The

.tension of this spring may be adyusted so as to permit the armature shaft to yield to the inertia of the aforesaid head, thereby allowing.;- said head to descend until the rod 42 engages the handle or the switch 48 and closes such switch. Through the eoiinectionV of the blade of this switch by means' o''tlie link i9 with the blade oi'w the upper switch el', the latter switch will be opened and the circuit is vnow established through the wire 4 52, one side of the switch 48, wire 65, one side of the switch i3, wires 66, 58, the coil 51 of the brake magnet and Wire 57, to the hrn'iature of the motor, the current innthis sie case, entering?, the `ariiiataire winding in a reverse direction from that described in connection with the former circuit, leaving the' j opposite side of the armature Winding,.the

current continues through wire 67., the opposits side of the switch e3, wire ,58 and the corresponding side or" the switch e8 to the aforesaid wire 6l that constitutes the' negative side of the circuit. Remembering that the direction et the lovv or' current ,through the held winding of the motor remains constant, itA will be seen ron'nthe oregoing that the last described circuit results in a reversal o the motor, so that the head oi" the machine is now caused to' ascend to loading positionu `Witli ythis arrangement, it will evident `lthat with the switch 22 closed, when the plates are inserted between the forms, the ornis will be driven downwardly, current being supplied to the meter until the lower rod or bar #la strikes the handle of the switch 4,4. rlhis opens the inotor circuit, but the motor continues to run by inertia until the rod or bar a2 closes the switch 48,. 48a.-

As already explained, the brake 50 may be The motor there rod or barili-2 closes the upper switch 47, 47a. Y

set so as to vary the speed of the inotor and the speed and consequent extent of travel of the forni' after the motor-energizing eircuit 'is broken.

lt will he seen' that l'thus have two adjustably and automatically operating means for controlling' the time wherein the plates are subjected to the action of the quenching"v liquid.

One ofi, these ineans resides' in the'l f adiustability ofl the lower reversing switclri the farther this switch is from the switch le the longer will be the period of immersion.

The other means for controlling this period The of immersion is the magnetic brake,

-iiioie the brake is applied, the longer will be vthe period consumed by the rod or bar 42 l manner of clamping the plates during the` in traveling from'the switch 44 to the switch 48. 1n the same way, the period for loading and unloading the machine may also be varied bythe osition of the upper switch 47 relative to t e switch et and by the magnetic brake. ,Should the operator desire additional time for tllevioading or unloading, operation, he may suspend the automatic operation as long as he desires by4 merely openin the main switch 2i?.

In a dition to these advantages7 there arc certain advantages which are due to the camberin and quenching operation. lt will be noted t at the plates are clamped between vrigid tem lets which have the curvature desired to e given to the interposed plates..

One of these templets is driven by a continuously operable 'motor and, but for the springs 16, would strike a blow \vhicl1 might depth of oil may be very easily varied, as by means of a two-way valve 70 in the pipe causethe plate to be indented and 5 )roduce a destructive shock thereupon and t erewithin. Furthermore, butfor'the spring bumper or buffer thus interposed between the. motor and the upper templet, the motor, unless otherwise unnecessarily large and powerful, would have to be shutdown before impact, in order to avoid burning out. The employment of the spring bumper permits the use of this continuously operable motor and without the necessity lfor shutting down the same.

' or cambering of the plate' and to retain it in its cambered form. Because of this bend* ing or .c ambering, the plate must bc held clamped while crossing recalescence, and the counterweights enable that pressure to-be exerted `against' the plate 4which is indicated by the character and4 gage of steel being treated at any particular time.l At the same time, the pressure to which the plate is subjected can be so chosen and regulated that it will be sulicient to permit of the wavelike or snake-like contortions` and movements which occur within the plate` in evi dence of local stresses set up in response to localized diiierenc'es of temperatul'e`within the interval of recaleseence,` the Weights yielding suiiiciently to allow these movements to ,take place. Were theplate clamped rigidly, irregularities or humps would be vproduced `therein and the plate. when `quenched, would bc non-homogeneous.

. to Vary the depths of the different layers thereof are important featuresof my 'invention. Considering oil and water as the two ,the top of the tank.

liquids most ordinarily employed, subjecting the heated steel to the oil first has the tendency of increasing the tensile strength and the elastic limit of the steel. The steel, thus prepared by the oil, is in condition to withstand the more severe quenching action of the water. But, by preparing the steel for the water-quenching by first subjecting it to the oil-quenching, the steel may bin quenched so as to secure most ideal Aconditions therein. Furthermore, by providing some means for varying the depth or thickness of'thc oil layer, the time of the oilquenching operation may be variedfas may be desired, in accordance with the particular grade and gage of`steelbcing treated.

By the apparatus disclosed herein, the period of time that the lsteel is subjected to,

'the layer of water can be varied by varying 39, by operating which the pipes 4Q and 41 may be cut out and water be pumped to waste throughthe pipe 71. poured or otherwise suitably introducedl into In like manner, when it 'is desired toil-aise the level of the water in the tank, 'more water may be introduced into the top of the tank.

` Passing the plates through the layer of oil into the water therebeneath results in a heatinterchange, mingling the oil and the water to a'considcrablc extent andtcnding, through such heat-interchange, to maintain these bodies of quenching liquids at tcm-y peraturcs which are the most eflicient.

In order to demonstrate the copcration which exists between lthe different 'features table which wasprepared from the actual y i Vtreatment .ofan immense number of spring plates:y Y (a.) Length of plate fiinchcs.

(b) lVidth oi plate linches.

(c) Gage of plate #3.

(d) Heated to about 1535 prorto cambering.

(c) Counterweight connected to lower table of cambering machine. :2300 pounds.

(f) fright of lower table of .camberingr machine. 830 pounds.

Depth oi" oil layer l2 inches.

(g) Subjected to oil 3 seconds.

(It) ubjectcd to water 57 seconds. f Trade name of ls teel used, Carnegie carbon open hearth steel.

In general. the advantages secured `in the operation ofy my apparatus -are (a.) Performing the quenching operation at a temperature which will practically eliminate the production of a coarse grain The oil can be in the steel, due to the ability to quentiliv steel requiring an initial 'temperature but slightly above recalesccnce, thisl end being facilitated by the coi'n'plete accessibility ot tihedplates to be cambered to the quenchingl l in Quencliing Without deformation, secured by the line contacts between the form members and the plates while the plates are prevented from moving laterally by the side guides or grids but are not prevented from; elongating and shortening; in other words, the forms do not oppose the irresistible vchange of shape in the plate duringqecalescence but limit this cha-ngeh to` a change of curvature and length, the plates returning when cold to their originaLcut lengths.

(c) Quenchin. without twisting, Warping, or undesirable deformationl (al) Producing tempered plates form quality. l

(e) Producing tempered plates of uniform and better quality.

Having thus described my invention, what lf claim is:

r l. A plate forming device comprising a pair of opposed relatively movable members each member comprising a pair of laterally s'aced plates having their edges suitably s aped, a grid at one side of one of the plates of one of said members, and a grid at one side of the opposite plate of the other member.

2. A. plate forminor device comprising pair ot' opposed relatively movable members each member comprising a pair of laterally s aced clamping devices arranged to engage the edge portions oi the interposed plate, and grids cooperating with said devices to retain the interposed plate against lateral distortion.

3. ln an apparatus of the character described, the combination of a plate forn'iing device comprising laterally spaced clamping membei'sadaptcd to lengage an interposed plate along' lines substantially parallel with the length of the plate, and controllable means for discharging a o iuenchingr liquid between opposite ends of the clamping plates and longitudinally of the members clamped therebetween. l

4. rrdevice of the character described coni' prising a pair of opposed plate clamping members, each member having a pair ot' laterally spaced plates each provided with a notched or recessed edge and adapted to enr-. gage an interposed plate along lines snbr'itantially parallel with the length thereof, and means for moving,T one of said members toward the other'.

device of the character described, comprising; a pair of opposed plate clamp u ing niembers, each n'ieinber con'iprising a pair laterally spaced plates having notched or recessed edges adapted -to en.

gezegden interposed plate along lines 'substn'tiall parallel with the length thereof, means 'or moving one of. said members toward the other, and means for supplying quenching liquid in a stream between the clamping plates and lengthwise ofthe plate clamped therebetween. l

(i. A 'device of the character described. comprising a pair or" opposed plate clamp me members, each member consisting of a pair of laterally spaced plates having their edges suitably shaped, one of said members having a center pin interposed between the plates thereof and having onoppositc sides of the center adjustable means lier engaging the end portions of a plate to be clamped between said members, and means i'or mov ing said members toward and from. each other. n

7. A device of the character described comprising a pair of opposed plate clamp mg members, each member consisting of a pair ot' laterally spaced plates having their edges suitably shaped, one of said members havingmn opposite sides of the center adinstable means for engaging the end porn tions of a plate to be clamped between said members, and means for moving said members ltoward and from each other.

8. A; .device of the character described comprising a pair of opposedplate-planming members, each member consisting oi a pair of laterally spaced plates having their edges suitably shaped, one oiE said members having a center pin interposed between its plates, shaft-s extending between the plaies of one of said members on opposite sides ol the,l center thereoi, and an eccentricion each shaft adapted to be projected beyond the engaging surfaces of said plates thereby to engagey and support the ends'oi' the plate which is to be claxiiped between said members.

Q. A device of tlie'vcbaracter described comprising' a pail-,of op osed plate clamping members, each mein )er consisting of a pair o'lE laterally spaced plates having. their edges suitably shaped, and'eccentrics mounted between said plates on opposite ol the center, and i'neans for adjnstirig,r said eccentrics. 'y ,ya

l0. ln an apparatus of the liaracter described, t-he combination of a tank, plate clamping and shaping means mounted in operative relationv to said tank, means for reciprocating, the plate clamping means whereby a plate clamped thereby'inay be moved into and outof the liquid in. the tank, and means for discharging one or more streams of quenching liquid above the slirface of the liquid in the tanlr and upon the plate which is carried by said clamping;

means. y

1l. In an apparatus of the character-de scribed, the combination oi" a tank, lower sey llt?

clam iing member and an upper clamping inem er arranged to clamp a plate therebetween, means normally supporting `the lower member `above the leve] of liquid in the tank, means for moving both of said .members andthe interposed plate into and out of the' liquid in the tank, a pump con-- nected with -said tank, and connections' whereby said pump may discharge liquid from the tank to opposite sides ot' the tank in streams extending lengthwise of f the Vclampingl members and the. interposed plate and at points below the position which the clamping surface of the lower member normally occupies. f 12. AIn an apparatiisof the character described, the combination of a lower clamping member and an upper clamping member arvranged to clamp a plate therebetween, means `for reciprocating' both f said members and the interposed plate, and means for discharging vquenching' Vliquid in one or more streams extending lengthwise of the clamp ing membersl and the interposed plate and below the position which the clamping surface of the lower `clamping member normally occupies. i

13. In an apparatus-of the character described, the combination of a tank having quenching liquid therein consisting of water in the lower part thereof and. oil Von top of said water, a pump connected with the lower portion of the tank and adapted to dis said clamping and shaping means through said streams.

istV

14. In an apparatus of the character dew scribed, the combination of a tank having quenching liquid therein consistingof water 'in the lower part thereof and oil on top of said Water, a pump connected with thc. lower Vportion of thetank and adapted to discharge streams, of liquid through opposed poi-tions of `the tank, plate'clamping and shaping means arranged normally above the paths ot' said streams and having means" for moving a plate in substantially the vertical plane of said streams, and means for reciprocating -said clamping and shaping means through said streams and through the oil and water in the tank.

15. In an apparatusof'the character described, the combination of plate clamping and forming means, quenching means, means for securing relative movement between the plate lamping and forming means and said quenc ing meanswlicreby a'platc. may be brought into and out of operative relationv to suchquenching means, and means operative through the relativ(` movement bet-weer thevplate clamping and forming means and the quenching means for automatically controlling the duration' ot' the quenching pcriod to which the plate is subjected.

' 1G. Iii an apparatus ol tlieclniractcr dc scribed, the combination of plate clamping and forming means, ii quenching tankv` means for iniine'rsing a plate clamped by said means in the liquid in said tank, means operative by the iinmersing movement `for automatically controlling the period ot' immersion of the plate in the liquid in the tank, and means whereby -such quenching j periodniay be varied.

17. In an apparatus ofthe character described, the combination ot plate clamping and forming means, a quenching tank, means for moving the plate 'clamping and forming means thereby to imn'ierse thc same and a plate clamped thereby in the liquid in the' ltank, and means dependent iipon the depth of immersion o't the plate forming and clamping means in the liquid for automati` cally reversing the movement of said. plate clamping and forming means.

18. In an apparatus of the character de-r scribed, they conibinatioii of a pair of clamp ing und forming members adapted to receive a plate therebetween, means normally holding said members separated, a tank for .quenching liquid, a motor connected to one of said members to move the same toward and from the other and to cause both mein- 'bers and the plate clamped therebetween to be moved into and out ot the liquid in the tank, and adjustable means for auton'iattcally!reversingthc motor when the member connected thereto shall have been moved a predetermined distance in either direction.

19. ln an apparatus of the character dc-` scribed, tlie combination of apair of clamping and forming members adapted to receive a plate tlicrebetiveen, means normally holding said members separated, zu tank ior quenching liquid, a motor connected to one of said members to cause the members and the plate clamped therebetween to move into and out. of the liquid in thc tank, and ndjustahle means for automatically reversing the motor-when the iiieinbei' connected thereto shall have been moved a prcdetern'iined distance.

llt)

Q0. ln an apparatus' of the character dcl scribed, the combination of a plate clamping .'moveincnt ot said device, and adjustable means', o erative by the movements oic saidv .device,. o` automatically driving said motor' in reverse directions. whereby the quenching period corresponding to each adjusted position of the last mentioned means may be predetermined.

2l. ln an apparatus of the 'charai'zter deall scribed, the `combination ci! a platiiforming device, an electric motor connected there-,ton

quenching means arranged .in the path of' movement (if said member, means for auto matically opcnlng the motor circuit when the said device shall have been moved a predetermined distance toward the quenching means, means for automatically reversing the said motor, and means for automatically reversing the motor when the said device vshall have been moved a predetermined distance away from the quenching means.

22. ln an apparatus of the character dedetermined distance into the quenching means, means for thereafter automatically.

reversing the said motor, means for automatically opening the circuit when the said device shall have been moved a predetermined distance away from the quenching means, and means `for thereafter automatically reversing the. motor.

23. ll'n an apparatus oi" the character `described, the combination ol? a pair of clanipn ing and forming members adapted to rcceive a plate therebetween, a tank 'for quenching liquid, an electric motor connected to one of said members to move the same toward and from the other and to move both members and 'the plate clamped therebetween into the liquid in the tankfmcans tor automatically opening the motor" circuit When said members have been moved a predetermined distance into the liquid in said tank, means ior tl'iereafter vautomatically reversing said motor, meansh for moving the member 'which is opposed 'to the motor driven member out of the quenching liquid, means for automatically opening the motor circuit when the member to which it is con-- nected has been moved a predetermined distance in such reverse direction, and means for thereafter automatically closing the inotor circuit `for again. operating the member the qnenching,1

connected thereto toward liquid.

.Y u l 7 'l 24. ln an apparatus ot tne character defscribcd, the combination of an upper and a lower plate-termine and clamping member, a tank therebcneath, an electric motor, a drivingy connection between said motor and the upper n'iembcr, means for automaticaily opening the motor circuit when the nieml'er operated thereby has been moved a predetermined distance in relation to the liquid in the tank, means 'for thereafter' au rmati cally closing and revers'sing the motor circuit, means tot automatically opening the motor circuit when the member driven therebv has been vmoved a predetermined.

distance in the reverse direction, means for automatically closing the said circuit to 0perate they motor in its original direction when the said member shall have been moved a` predetermined distance beyond that occupied by it 'when the said 'circuit was last opened, and means for moving the lower member from the iiquidin. said tank.

25. :ln an apparatus of the character described, the combination of an upper and a lower plate clamping and forming member, a -tanlr for quenching liquidV beneath the lower of said members, means tending to lift the lower member'out of the quenching liquid, an electric motor, a driving connection etween said motor and the upper member, an electric circuitincluding said motor, a brake for said motor, means for automatically opening the motor circuit and for applying the brake when the said members so shall. have been moved a predetermined distance into' the quenchingr liquid, means for automatically reversing the circuit and for releasing the brake when the said members shall have been n'ioved a predetermined farther distance into such quenching` liquid, means for automatically opening said circuit and for applying said bralte when the member driven by the motor shall have been moved a predetermined distance out of said 95 liquid, means Jfor automatically releasing theA brake when the member shall have moved a i'nedetern'iined farther distance away from the liouichand a manually controlled switch for said circuit. f

Q6, in an apparatus of the character described, the combination of aniupper and. aV lower plate clamping and torneingj member, a liquid containingv tank, means connected With'the lower member and tending to move o5 the same away from the liquid in the tank, an electric motor, a driving connection be- ,Ween said motor and the upper member, a

switch in tl'ie motor circuit adapted. to be Adownsard movement, a motora-aversion switch adapted and arranged to be closed when the said member shall have moved ,a

predetermined 'larther distance in its down- 115 'Ward movement, a switch in the motor cir cuit adapted 'to be opened when the said upper member shall have moved a predetermined distance in its upward movement, a

second reversingswitch arranged to be closed 12u when the d upper member shall have been moved a predetermined farther distance in.

its upward movement., e, connection between the lirst and third switches whereby the opening of one will automatically close the X25 other. and a connection between the second and 'fourth switches whereby the opening et' one will automaticalli1 close the other.

2%?. in an apparatus of the character' deerribed, the. combination of an 'upper and a 130 mined distance switch.

`again operating lower plate clamping and forming member,

a liquid containing tank, means connected `opened whenthe, upper member shall have traveled a` predetermined distance in its downward movement, a motor-reversing switch adapted and arranged to be closed when tlie said member shall have moved a predetermined farther distancein its downward movement, a switch in the motor circuit :dapted to be opened when the Said upper member shall have moved a predeterin its upward movement, a second reversing switch arranged ,to be closed when the said member shall have been moved a predetermined farther distance in its upward movement, a .connection between the lfirst and third. switches whereby the opening of one will automatically close the other, a connection between thesecond and fourth switches whereby the opening of one' will close the other, and means whereby the distance between the first and second switches andA between the third and fourth switches may be varied, thereby to vary the eriod of vtime intervening between theo ening of the first switch 'and the closing o the second switch and between the opening of the third switch and the closing of thefourt-h 28. In an apparatus of the character dcscribed; the combination of a pair of clamping and forming members adapted to receive a plate therebetween, an electric motor con-` nected to one of said members to move the same toward and from the other and to cu use both of said members and the plate clamped therebetween to be moved into and out oi' a quenching liquid. means for automatically openingr themotor circuit when said members have been subjected 'for a predetermined time to the action ot' such quenching liquid, means for thereafter automatically reversing said motor, means for automatically openingr the motor circuit when the member to which it is coimcctcd has been moved a predetcrminml distance in such reverse direction, and means for tlmreattcr :mtomatically closing the motor circuit for the mcnilicrconnectml thereto toward the quenching liquid.

29. In an apparatus ol' the character described, the combination ot a plate forming member, a quenching-liquid member, an electricnnotor, a driving connection between said motor and one ot said members whereby the 'plate forming! member may be brought into operative relation to the quenching-liquid member, means for automatically opening the motor circuitl when the member-operated thereby has been moved a predetermined distance, means for thereafter closing and reversing the motor circuit, means for automatically opening the motor circuit when the member driven thereby has been moved a predetermined distance in the reverse di'i'ection,fand means for clos- `ing the said circuit to operate the motor in its original direction when the said member shall have been moved a predetermined distance beyond that occupied by it when the said circuit was last opened. y

30. In an apparatus ofthe character described, the combination of aplateforming,

member, a quenching-liquidmember, means for moving one of said members toward the other whereby the plate-forming member will be placed in operative relation to the quenching-liquid member, means for .automatically breaking the driving connection lbetween the driven member and its operating means, and means for thereafter automatically moving said driven member in the reverse direction, whereby a plate carried by the first mentiomal member may be Subjected to the action of quenching liquid for a period of time detcrn'iinable by the breaking ot' the driving connection and the move-I ment ot' such member in the reverse direction.

2515111 au apparatus of the character described, the combination of a plate forminf,r member, a quenching-liquid member, means connected with one of said members 'hereby the plate-forming member will be )laced in operative relation'to the quenching-liquid member, means torautomatically breaking the driving connection between the driven memberf fand,'fitkgoperating means, means for thereafter-o erating the driven member in therever'sei irect'ion, and means tor thereafter automatically breaking the driving connection between tlm-driven member and its operating means.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto atlix my signature in the presence ot two witnesses.

THOMAS J. FA Y.

Witnesses l BRENNAN B. Was'r,

liras. ll. BROCK. 

